NR667 FNP Capstone Practicum & Intensive Exit Practice Exam

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• Which medication is an example of an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)?
• Which physical examination maneuver is commonly used to elicit renal tenderness in suspected pyelonephritis?
• Which agent dilates the efferent arteriole and can reduce creatinine clearance when administered?
• A common provoking factor for provoked DVT is:
• A patient presents with new-onset irregularly irregular rapid heart rate around 100 bpm for several days. What is the first priority intervention?
• A 52-year-old male with hearing difficulty in the right ear. Which test helps differentiate conductive vs. sensorineural loss?
• Which finding is most suspicious for melanoma based on ABCDE criteria?
• A 21-year-old female may have a perforated gastric ulcer with peritonitis. Which type of bacteria is most likely the causative agent?
• Which statement best describes the relationship between cancer and DVT risk?
• Which mechanism describes how triptans work in acute migraine management?
• A patient recently post-operative for appendectomy has dull percussion over the lung base. Which diagnosis is likely?
• Transitioning between antidepressants (SSRI, SNRI, MAOI) too quickly may risk which serious complication?
• Macrocytosis on CBC in a patient with a history of bariatric surgery most likely reflects which history?
• Which medication class is best for symptomatic relief of persistent itching and hives without respiratory compromise?
• In hyperuricemia associated with high cell turnover states, which agent is commonly used to prevent uric acid formation?
• You suspect mononucleosis in a 12-year-old with left upper quadrant pain and likely splenomegaly. Which examination step should be avoided over that area?
• Which type of beta-blocker is generally preferred when prescribing a beta-blocker to a patient with COPD and coronary disease?
• A 38-year-old male with darkened, velvety skin in neck/axilla areas is most likely which diagnosis?
• In iron deficiency anemia, which lab pattern would most support the diagnosis?
• Fluorouracil (5-FU) cream is used to treat which dermatologic condition?
• Which diagnostic test is used to confirm gonorrhea and chlamydia in this scenario?
• The test where a patient identifies a familiar object by touch with eyes closed is called what?
• Which finding would you NOT expect to observe in a patient with Cushing's disease?
• Which supplement may help with hot flashes in menopause?
• Damage to which nerves can impair the gag reflex?
• Which laboratory finding is most specific for autoimmune thyroiditis?
• Which marker indicates past exposure to hepatitis B that may persist long-term?
• A 22-year-old female has sinus pressure and congestion. Which maneuver may help reproduce sinus-related pain and support the diagnosis?
• In macrocytic anemia evaluation, which vitamin deficiency is primarily assessed to determine the etiology in this context?
• A 45-year-old male with known PAD and no surgical history. Which medication should he be on if not already?
• Which CBC pattern helps differentiate thalassemia trait from iron deficiency anemia?
• Gastric ulcers with peritonitis are most commonly associated with which type of bacteria?
• An 8-year-old female with fear of abandonment, intense relationships, recurrent self harm. Which diagnosis fits best?
• Which vitamin improves absorption of ferrous sulfate?
• A COPD patient is prescribed an inhaled medication that requires mouth rinsing to prevent thrush.
• In a patient with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, the evaluation for end-organ dysfunction should include which of the following?
• Which statement about type I hypersensitivity treatment is most accurate?
• A 66-year-old female with end-stage renal disease on dialysis has labs showing high creatinine/BUN. On CBC, you'd typically see which result?
• In Borderline personality disorder, which symptom is most characteristic?
• In obstructive lung disease, which spirometry parameter is most reduced?
• Which statement best describes edema in hypothyroidism?
• Which type of hallucination is described when a patient reports an awful smell?
• Delirium tremens after abrupt alcohol cessation is most associated with deficit of which neurotransmitter?
• Which of the following is most likely to present with hemoptysis?
• A 22-year-old who is drowsy, opens eyes to respond, then drifts back to sleep. Which level of consciousness is this?
• A patient recently treated for streptococcal pharyngitis develops hematuria with red blood cell casts. Which diagnosis is most likely?
• Tardive dyskinesia is most commonly associated with prolonged use of which class of medications?
• Findings of severe hypothyroidism include which of the following?
• Which of the following diseases is associated with vitreous detachment?
• The most common history items associated with uterine cancer include which factors?
• In suspected Hashimoto thyroiditis, which test specifically evaluates the autoimmune involvement of the thyroid?
• A 40-year-old African American female presents with exophthalmos on exam. Which condition is described?
• Postoperative atelectasis is most likely to produce which physical finding?
• S1 heart sound marks the beginning of which phase of the cardiac cycle and is associated with the closure of which valves?
• Damage to which cranial nerve causes tongue deviation on protrusion?
• Fluorouracil (5-FU) cream is used to treat which dermatologic condition?
• Following exposure to heparin during a procedure, which diagnosis must be ruled out?
• Which imaging modality is most informative for diagnosing a rotator cuff tear?
• A patient had new onset hepatitis B about one year ago. Which marker is most likely elevated now?
• An ESRD patient asks how hemodialysis works. Which explanation is most accurate?
• In a febrile patient, which scenario would NOT be a plausible cause of leukocytosis?
• In management of a suspected deep vein thrombosis, which statement about warfarin therapy is correct?
• Which vitamin is most effective at improving iron absorption when supplementing ferrous sulfate?
• A patient with acute closed-angle glaucoma will show which finding on exam?
• An adolescent female with microcytic, hypochromic anemia and elevated RDW most likely has iron deficiency. Which labs will you order first?
• A 22-year-old male power lifter complains his scrotum is very enlarged and fluid-like. Which diagnosis is most likely?
• A patient with congestive heart failure experiences dyspnea only during exercise (eg, jogging) and not at rest or with activities of daily living. Which NYHA class is described?
• A 22-year-old with gonorrhea and chlamydia coinfection should be treated with which regimen?
• In new-onset atrial fibrillation with rapid rate, why is anticoagulation started prior to rhythm conversion?
• Which receptor subtype do triptans primarily activate in acute migraine treatment?
• In a 15-year-old with dysfunctional uterine bleeding, what is the first laboratory test to order?
• During an oral exam, the patient's tongue deviates to the left when protruded. Which is the correct diagnosis?
• In educating a patient about GERD management, which factor is not typically an aggravating cause?
• Your patient is diagnosed with hepatitis A. Which immunoglobulin is the first to be elevated in the serum?
• Patients with peripheral arterial disease and intermittent claudication may benefit from which agent?
• A 28-year-old female in status asthmaticus not relieved by nebulized albuterol might benefit from which IM medication?
• Which agent is used for chronic treatment of rosacea presenting with facial flushing and telangiectasias?
• A 63-year-old man presents with exertional chest pressure that resolves with rest and has not increased in frequency. What is the most likely diagnosis and initial management?
• In evaluating palpitations, which test is typically performed first?
• Over the spleen, in suspected splenomegaly, which examination step should be avoided?
• Which medication should never be used alone as the sole controller therapy in asthma?
• A patient on haloperidol for 2 days has lip smacking and facial movements. Which diagnosis is likely?
• Which diagnostic test is most appropriate to evaluate PAD noninvasively?
• Rivaroxaban belongs to which class of anticoagulants?
• In heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (EF around 35%), which medication is generally avoided as part of first-line management?
• Where is the best location to identify the aortic valve in a healthy adult?
• Which agent is a reasonable option for a type 2 diabetes patient concerned about weight gain, such as a GLP-1 receptor agonist?
• Progressively enlarging thyroid gland with anxiety, palpitations, and tremor suggests which diagnosis?
• Which symptom is commonly associated with hyperthyroidism?
• A 21-year-old sexually active female has 'weird bumps' on her vulva. Which virus causes condyloma?
• What term describes a drug with a very small margin between therapeutic and toxic doses?
• A 22-year-old female with lab evidence of SLE might also have which classic physical finding?
• In supraventricular tachycardia presenting with a rapid heart rate on EKG, which pattern is typically observed?
• In a patient with diabetes and hypertension, which test is best for early detection of renal dysfunction?
• A 49-year-old male presents with weight loss, night sweats, anhedonia, and CXR showing profoundly enlarged hilar adenopathy. Which diagnosis should be in your differential?
• Patients with flu-like symptoms, splenomegaly, and posterior cervical chain adenopathy should be screened with which test?
• For a patient with COPD and coronary artery disease who develops wheezing after starting a beta-blocker, which agent is considered least safe?
• A patient has elevated WBC, fever, and chills. Which of the following is not a potential cause of the elevated WBC?
• Which med class is used as long-term disease-modifying therapy for autoimmune disorders?
• Damage to the trigeminal nerve would cause loss of sensation in which region?
• In a patient with a new murmur, during which phase of the cardiac cycle would you hear the S1 heart sound?
• A patient presents with a unilateral visual deficit described as loss of visual fields on the right side in both eyes. This is known as what?
• A 55-year-old male diabetic with exertional left leg pain, numbness at rest, hair loss on anterior tibia. Which diagnosis?
• In erythropoietin therapy for anemia of CKD, which cell type is produced to increase red blood cell mass?
• A 32-year-old female with hyperthyroidism might exhibit which typical sign on exam?
• A 28-year-old male with HIV is 'well managed' if, in addition to having a good CD4 count, he also has what?
• Determination of topical corticosteroid potency is largely based on which variable?
• In the management of a TIA, which antiplatelet strategy is indicated?
• A patient presents with a dark brown, round, "stuck-on" lesion. Which diagnosis is most consistent?
• In anemia of chronic disease treated with erythropoietin in ESRD patients, which parameter would decrease first?
• When screening a suspicious mole for melanoma, which feature is especially concerning?
• Which calcium channel blocker is generally avoided in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction?
• Which initial test is most appropriate to evaluate suspected hypothyroidism?
• Which statement best describes electrolyte changes when switching from hydrochlorothiazide to a loop diuretic?
• In asthma management, which drug class should never be used as monotherapy?
• In expressive aphasia, which characteristic is most consistent?
• Which patient scenario would you expect to show a reduced forced vital capacity on pulmonary function testing?
• Which medication combination is typically used for dual antiplatelet therapy after a drug-eluting stent?
• Metformin, the standard first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes, commonly causes which gastrointestinal side effect?
• Abrupt stopping of chronic systemic glucocorticoids can lead to an adrenal crisis. Which sign is most indicative?
• A microcytic anemia with normal RDW is most likely which type of anemia?
• Which management is most appropriate for a Crohn's disease patient on natalizumab who presents with a bloody flare?
• Which condition is most likely with 48-year-old with floaters, flashes, and a curtain coming down over the visual field?
• Which is true of phase 1 of classic migraine management?
• In adolescents with dysmenorrhea and heavy menses, which diagnosis should be considered earliest in the workup?
• A 16-year-old who attempted self-harm is most commonly co-diagnosed with which condition?
• NSAIDs affect renal blood flow by which mechanism?
• In a new HIV diagnosis, which agents may be used?
• A patient had a thymectomy and was diagnosed with 'whole-body weakness.' Which diagnosis is most likely?
• A patient with AML is at risk for tumor lysis syndrome–related hyperuricemia. Which agent helps manage this side effect?
• A severe life-threatening adverse effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) is what?
• Abrupt cessation of systemic glucocorticoids can precipitate which crisis?
• Which sensory exam finding implicates the trigeminal nerve for facial sensation?
• According to current guidelines, at what HbA1c level should a second oral anti-diabetic agent be added if control is not achieved with the first agent?
• S2 heart sound corresponds to the closure of which valves?
• Semaglutide belongs to which drug class?
• Which condition is least suspicious for renal artery stenosis in a hypertensive patient?
• Which glands are commonly obstructed and may require incision and drainage for abscess?
• A patient has difficulty forming words but comprehension and ability to follow commands are preserved. Which brain area is most likely affected?
• Elevated creatinine after a period of hypotension suggests which type of renal dysfunction?
• A 39-year-old female with RUQ pain worsened by deep breathing and a positive Murphy sign. Which condition is consistent?
• Which study design is the highest level of evidence?
• A 43-year-old male with macrocytic anemia should be evaluated for which lab level to help narrow the etiology?
• Which statement about the Weber test is correct for conductive hearing loss?
• Which neuromuscular disorder is most consistent with fluctuating weakness that worsens with use and may be associated with thymic abnormalities, especially in the context of a thymectomy?
• A 1-year-old with erythema on the face around nasolabial folds and fine dandruff. Which disease is most likely?
• A 19-year-old female with dysuria and UA showing leukocytes, nitrites, and bacteria; a history of C. diff 2 years ago. Best antibiotic choice?
• To differentiate anxiety from hyperthyroidism, which tests are most useful?
• A tall, thin 15-year-old abruptly developed shortness of breath after a minor fall. Which diagnosis do you anticipate?
• Labs show TSH 5.9 (slightly high) and free T4 0.3 (low). Which symptom would you expect?
• A patient newly on amitriptyline for chronic migraines should be warned about which common side effects?
• A positive antinuclear antibody test is most commonly associated with which condition?
• The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) Score is used to prioritize liver transplant candidates. Which term best describes this scoring system?
• Which antibiotic is commonly used as first-line therapy for outpatient community-acquired pneumonia in a healthy adult?
• Which medication is a phosphodiesterase III inhibitor used to improve claudication symptoms in PAD?
• In a patient with Cushing's disease, which finding would you NOT expect during examination?
• A 41-year-old has back spasms aggravated by poor seating at work. Which agent is appropriate short-term for muscle spasms?
• Which symptom preceding a migraine would be most concerning for a migraine aura?
• Which history item is most commonly associated with endometrial (uterine) cancer risk?
• Rivaroxaban inhibits which coagulation factor?
• A newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patient is started on the most commonly prescribed first agent. A typical side effect is which?
• Which class of medications is first-line for PTSD and major depressive disorder?
• Which patient history is a contraindication to combined oral contraceptives?
• In a 9-year-old, you hear crackles in the lower lobe that clear after coughing. What is the most likely diagnosis?
• A 30-year-old with cyclical extremes of euphoria and depression. Which diagnosis is likely?
• Which organism type is Penicillin G most effective against?
• An impaired gag reflex most commonly indicates dysfunction of which cranial nerve?
• For placenta previa diagnosed at 28 weeks, which delivery plan is most appropriate?
• Which diuretic class tends to increase serum calcium?
• A 72-year-old female with prior CABG and valve replacement now has fever, night sweats, and a new murmur. Which complication must you evaluate?
• A 16-year-old female with unilateral jaw pain and difficulty opening mouth; diagnosis?
• A patient in rehab after major surgery despondent, sleepy, unmotivated, stable vitals. Which condition does this likely represent?
• When evaluating dysfunctional uterine bleeding in a teen, which laboratory test should be ordered first to assess pregnancy status?
• For early detection of diabetic nephropathy, which urine abnormality is screened for?
• Olfactory hallucinations are most classically associated with which condition?
• A patient has tinnitus for one week. Which medication is a potential cause?
• In management of DVT with warfarin, which parameter must be monitored to ensure therapeutic effect?
• During percussion of a normal lung, which percussion note is expected?
• Isotretinoin therapy requires adherence to which unique program?
• A 16-year-old female with heavy menses, severe cramping, and possible endometriosis. Which diagnosis should you consider first in your workup?
• Localized egophony over the left lower lobe is most suggestive of which condition?
• A 9-year-old newly diagnosed with mild asthma—what is typically the initial prescription?
• Acanthosis nigricans is associated with which exam finding?
• During a routine check, a patient with a history of Reye syndrome is noted. Which agent is most often implicated in causing Reye syndrome?
• A G2P1 pregnant female at 28 weeks with ultrasound-confirmed placenta previa. What guidance is correct?
• A female patient experiences menarche at age 8. This is best described as which condition?
• PTSD first-line medication?
• Which electrolyte elevation is potentially life-threatening in a patient taking lisinopril?
• In suspected pyelonephritis, which urinalysis finding most strongly supports the diagnosis?
• A patient off diuretics for vacation gained 21 lbs, has bilateral crackles, severe generalized edema including abdomen. Which condition describes this?
• Which condition is a severe mucocutaneous reaction often triggered by medications, including antibiotics like sulfonamides?
• Egophony heard over the left lower lobe is most commonly associated with which underlying process?
• What is the expected effect of ACE inhibitors on potassium and creatinine clearance?
• In a patient with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, the evaluation for end-organ dysfunction should include which of the following?
• Which test is most effective for assessing cranial nerve II function during a neurological exam?
• Which laboratory pattern indicates primary hypothyroidism?
• Which term describes infantile seborrheic dermatitis?
• A 25-year-old with malodorous vaginal discharge suspected for bacterial vaginosis; which test is not used to diagnose BV?
• RBC casts in urine are most characteristic of which renal condition?
• A 24-year-old female suspected of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which useful lab aids diagnosis?
• The use of benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G) is best considered for which type of organism?
• Acanthosis nigricans is most commonly a marker for which metabolic state?
• A patient’s platelet count dropped after recent cath lab procedures with heparin. Which diagnosis must be ruled out?
• A 56-year-old female on aspirin, statin, ezetimibe, lisinopril, amlodipine, and bupropion develops leg edema and constipation. Which drug is most likely responsible?
• A 19-year-old on Bactrim develops widespread painful erythema like first-degree burns on ~18% BSA. Which disease is likely?
• Which imaging modality is most informative for diagnosing a suspected rotator cuff tear?
• A 32-year-old with community-acquired pneumonia but otherwise healthy. Which first-line antibiotic is typically prescribed?
• A 17-year-old with a bee sting to the face who now has swelling and trouble breathing. Which diagnosis is most common?
• A patient who has severe cirrhosis awaiting possible liver transplant should be evaluated with which scoring system to assess liver function and prognosis?
• Which question is most useful to rule out serious gastrointestinal causes in a patient with gnawing abdominal pain and recent NSAID use?
• Which dermatologic lesion is precancerous and due to UV-B exposure?
• A 31-year-old female has gram-negative rods on urine culture. Which organism is least likely?
• A 22-year-old with migraines and endometriosis on combined oral contraceptives. Which question is priority to assess before treatment?
• After a drug-eluting stent, what is the minimum recommended duration of dual antiplatelet therapy?
• What is the purpose of percussion in the thoracic examination when evaluating a cough?
• Which statement best describes the required program when prescribing isotretinoin?
• Doxycycline is used for rosacea due to anti-inflammatory properties; which statement is true?
• A 19-year-old female presents with groin pain and a positive STI screen; which pathogens are most likely involved?
• A patient with migraines on combined oral contraceptives asks which question is most critical to assess before treatment. Which option is correct?
• In actinic keratosis, which statement is false?
• A 23-year-old male with severe pain raising his arm overhead most likely has injury to which structure?
• Which statement best describes stable angina?
• Limited lumbar spine movement with inflammation over the sacroiliac joints fits which diagnosis?
• A patient with elevated MCV and MCH on CBC might have which condition?
• In a sexually active adolescent with groin pain and a positive STI test, which co-infection is most likely?